Intradermal allergen immunotherapy in atopic bronchial asthma

Vykhristsenkа L.R.

Vitebsk Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

The purpose of research - a comparative evaluation of the efficacy and safety of accelerated intradermal or subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy method (ASIT) in patients with atopic asthma (ABA).
Methods: A randomized, open, prospective study of parallel groups. The study involved 105 patients. 1st group (54) received intradermal ASIT of standardized house dust allergen accelerated scheme (a set period of allergen dose - 14 days), group 2 (51) received subcutaneous ASIT. ASIT duration - 3 years. Evaluated the frequency of asthma symptoms, the effectiveness of treatment by the physician and the patient, the dynamics of skin sensitization, safety.
Results: 3-year course of intradermal ASIT is more efficient compared with subcutaneous ASIT, which was confirmed by a decrease in the frequency of asthma symptoms by 34.4%, whereas in subcutaneous ASIT - 29% (p1-2 <0.05), greater than the number (p1-2 = 0.02) and a smaller number of satisfactory results (p1-2 = 0.03). Mild systemic side effects of intradermal ASIT observed in 29% (16/54) of patients, for subcutaneous ASIT - 41% (21/51) patients (p> 0,05), the duration was more systemic reactions for subcutaneous ASIT (p1-2 <0.05). Under intradermal ASIT revealed a higher patient compliance to treatment.
Conclusions: intradermal express ASIT is effective and safe, the best results compared with subcutaneous ASIT achieved when it is used for 3 years.