Determination of the spectrum of antibodies and sensitization of granulocytes to food dyes in patients with bronchial asthma

Titova N.D., Novikov P.D.

Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk
Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk

Various allergic reactions to synthetic dyes (tartrazine, indigo carmine, etc.) used in food and medicines are known. However, the diagnosis of these reactions is difficult due to the variety of mechanisms and the lack of sufficiently reliable methods for their determination.
The aim of the study was to determine the spectrum of antibodies and the sensitization of granulocytes to food dyes in atopic asthma. The study involved 48 patients with atopic bronchial asthma. IgE, IgG, IgA-antibodies to food dyes E102, E110, E122, E124, E132 were determined by enzyme immunoassay, and the sensitization of granulocytes were detected in the test of myeloperoxidase release (TMR) and the reaction of damaging leukocytes by the antigen (RDLA). IgE antibodies were detected to tartrazine in 16.6% of patients , to karmuazine  in 37.5%, to ponceau  in 8.3%, to indigo carmine  in 16.6%, to titanium oxide  in 37.5% of patients. IgGantibodies were detected in 6.2%, 20.8%, 18.7%, 6.2%, 29.1%, respectively. IgAantibodies were in 4.1 %, 22.9%, 20.8%, 4.1%, 22.9%, of patients respectively. Sensitization of granulocytes in the TMR found to tartrazine  in 10.4%, to karmuazine  in 8.3% , to ponceau  in 8.3%, to indigo carmine – in 6.2%, to titanium oxide  in 12.5% of patients with asthma. In RDLA the similar results of sensitization granulocytes were received. In healthy individuals (25) IgEantibodies to these dyes were not detected, the sensitization of granulocytes had one person to karmuazine and 2  to ponceau. The patients (23) with stable stenocardia treated with medication contained synthetic dyes, in one case the patient had IgEantibodies to titanium oxide, and in 3 cases  sensitization of granulocytes.
Conclusions: the synthetic dyes  potential allergens in asthma, allergy diagnostics to them must be carried out through the identification of IgEantibodies and sensitization of granulocytes.