Bronchial asthma and chronic kidney disease: possible pathogenetic role of inflammatory cytokines

Mineev V.N., Vasilyeva T.S., Kuzmina A.A., Lalaeva T.M.

First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov, St. Petersburg, Russia

The aim is analysis of possible influence of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokine having key pathogenetic value on the glomerular filtration rate in bronchial asthma (BA).
Material and methods. We examined 51 patients with BA. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by CKD-EPI was estimated. The content of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in plasma were determined using enzyme immunoassay method (ELISA). Factor analysis using the program SPSS for Windows, version 21.0 was performed.
Results. In allergic BA (ABA) factor analysis identified 3 factors that characterize the role of IL-6 in the development of both the key characteristics of BA (bronchial obstruction), and key features of CKD (eGFR), as well as the failure of the system of regulation of proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines balance. In nonallergic BA (NABA) factor analysis identified 4 factors that characterize in particular the influence of the TNF-α expression on the severity of the disease and the value of eGFR. The more severe BA the greater the decrease in eGFR.
Conclusion. Possible pathogenetic relationship between the expression of key proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and glomerular filtration rate in BA is discussed. In ABA the IL-6 expression has probably common pathogenetic value when forming bronchial obstruction and CKD, on the other hand in NABA the TNF-α overexpression has likely common pathogenetic value when forming bronchial obstruction (possibly due to influence on bronchial remodeling) and CKD.