Detection of allergy and hypersensitivity to metal salts by measurement of potassium ions level in the oral fluid

Karpuk I.U., Novikov D.K.

Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

The purpose of the real research was detection of an allergy and a hypersensitivity to ions of metals by definition of emission of potassium ions from oral cavity mucosa leucocytes in oral liquid at patients with an intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials.
Examination of 584 patients aged from 34 up to 86 years, from them 61 men and 523 women is conducted. To patients statement of application skin testing with solutions of NiCl2 salts (3%), CrCl3 (3%), CoCl2 (1%) and reactions of allergeninduction damage of leukocytes from 0,001% solutions of salts of metals was carried out: NiCl2, CrCl3, CoCl2. Then patients have been divided into 2 groups: positive results on both tests (n=94) and 488 patients with negative results (from them it has been selected by method of randomization of 90 patients for inclusion in a research).
During the carried-out work with us it is established, leucocytes of oral mucosa of patients with an intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials of an allergic genesis under the influence of salts of the metals which are allergens allocate potassium ions in nadosadochny liquid that indicates their hypersensibility. The quantity of the allocated potassium ions from sensibilized leucocytes of oral liquid under the influence of solutions of salts of metals can be determined by in vitro, taping a hypersensibility to them.
It is shown that emission of potassium ions by leucocytes of oral liquid under the influence of salts of metals is specific and isn't specific after provocative assay by allergen. Patients with an intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials of presumably allergic etiology have indicators of the average level and dispersion of values of the K+ level in oral liquid before putting off of causal orthopedic designs made 85,95 [77,8; 98,3] mg/l, and 1 month later after putting off – 51,7 [42,1; 67,8] mg/l (PWilcoxon=0,0001). The K+ level in oral liquid at patients with complaints to oral liquid of an unspecified etiology (n=90) before putting off of orthopedic designs made 66,4 [56,3;72,6] mg/l, and 1 month later after putting off – 51,5 [42,9; 58,3] mg/l (PWilcoxon=0,0001).
Reliable depression of level of a potassium in stomatic liquid of patients with complaints to an intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials of not allergic etiology after putting off of orthopedic designs and lack of a gain of level of a potassium in stomatic liquid after provocation can indicate a nonspecific hypersensitivity.
On depression of concentration of potassium ions in stomatic liquid of patients with complaints to an intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials after putting off of causal orthopedic designs it is possible to judge existence of an allergy and a nonspecific hypersensibility to components of dentures.
After oral provocative test the K+ level was higher in group with positive tests for an allergy before test (Ni2+– 50 [41,8; 62,6] mg/l; Cr3+– 51,2 [41,6; 67,8] mg/l, Co2+– 58,6 [45,1; 69,4] mg/l) and after test (Ni2+– 75,8 [65,4; 87] mg/l, Cr3+– 72,1 [63,4; 80,2] mg/l, Co2+– 82,9 [72,4; 92,6] mg/l), чем в группе с than in group with negative tests before test (Ni2+– 46,1 [40,2; 52,5] mg/l; Cr3+– 52,4 [45,6; 60,3] mg/l, Co2+– 51,8 [46,1; 61,8] mg/l) and after test (Ni2+– 47,2[40,6; 56,1] mg/l, Cr3+– 54,6[43,4; 63,1] mg/l, Co2+– 54,2 [49,3; 61,3] mg/l.