Immunological pecularities of recipients of renal transplant

Zybleva S., Zyblev S., Novikov P., Svistunova E., Shitikova M.

1 SI «The Republican Research Center for Radiation medicine and Human Ecology», Gomel, Belarus
2 EI «Gomel State Medical University», Gomel, Belarus
3 EI «Vitebsk State Medical University», Vitebsk, Belarus

Objective. To study immunopathological disorders in renal allograft recipients with terminal stage of chronic kidney disease.
Material and Methods. There were studied 119 medical cases of patients with terminal renal insufficiency (tCKD). The amount of leucocyte subpopulation CD19+, CD3+, CD3-CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and as well as of lymphocytes expressing activation receptors of CD3+HLA-DR+, CD3+CD38+, CD3+CD8+HLA-DR+, immunoglobulins G, A, С3- and С4-components of the complement were assessed within the patients.
Results. There was detected a decrease of the main subpopulations of T lymphocytes CD3+ lymphocytes (рabs=0,033), T helper CD3+CD4+ (рrel=0,002 and pabs=0,001) and T-cytotoxic lymphocytes CD3+CD8+ (рrel=0,006 and рabs=0,001), CD3-CD16+CD56+ lymphocytes (рabs=0,045) within the patients with terminal stage of chronic kidney disease who were on renal replacement therapy; an increase of the subpopulation of TNK-lymphocytes (CD3+CD16+CD56+) (рrel=0,015) was also detected; an increase in the concentration of C4 component of the complement was detected (p=0,014). There was detected positive level correlation of C3-component of the complement (rs=+0,49; р=0,007), C4-component of the complement (rs=+0,37; р=0,049) and CIC (rs=+0,4; р=0,029) with the duration of the hemodialysis, and C3-component of the complement (rs=+0,79; р=0,034), CIC (rs=+0,39; р=0,0334), IgG (rs=+0,845; р=0,008) and IgA (rs=+0,732; р=0,039) with the duration of peritoneal dialysis.
Conclusion. Thus, the immune system dysfunction within the patients with terminal kidney disease on renal replacement therapy in the form of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is associated with a change in the quantitative composition, functional activity and cooperation between immunocompetent cells.