The Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in patients of Vitebsk
regional clinical hospital: a retrospective analysis

Vykhrystsenko L.R., Velichansky O.G., Sidorenko E.V., Zakharova O.V.

Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

The purpose of our research was to study the incidence and etiology of Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) according to the Vitebsk regional clinical hospital for the last 5 years.
Materials and methods. The incidence of SJS/TEN in the last 5 years were studied and analyzed according to statistical reports of the allergic Department of the Vitebsk regional clinical hospital, and according to discharge summaries of patients
treated with SJS/TEN.
Results. Over the past 5 years, from 2012 to 2017, we observed 17 cases of SJS and 3 cases of TEN in patients aged 23 to 80 years (mean age 51,5 years), men – 14 (70%), women – 6(30%). SJS was found in men (65%), women (35%). All cases of TEN were identified only in men. In patients with SJS 6 cases (35%) are associated with treatment with carbamazepine, 2(12%) – korvalole, 2 – remantadine, 2 – nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, 2 – antibiotics, 1 (6%) – fluconazole, 1 – angrymaks, and in 1 case the cause of the disease could not be established. In five out of twenty patients the occurrence of SJS/TEN was preceded by acute respiratory disease (25%).
Treatment included local antiseptics, administration of saline solutions, systemic steroids, in 10% cases - intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis. One case of TEN was complicated by the syndrome of systemic inflammatory response, there were no fatalities.
Conclusion. SJS/TEN is more common in men (70%) than in women (30%). The most common reason (35%) of the SJS/TEN is receiving treatment with carbamazepine. Early therapy with systemic steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis promotes the fastest recovery of patients.