Allergic rhinitis – a modern outlook

Ravskaya V.V., Paramonova N.S., Khokha R.N.

Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus

Aim of the study. Clinical, anamnestic and laboratory characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) in children associated with plant pollen.

Materials and methods. An analysis of 205 medical records of patients who had pollen AR was performed. It was found that 31.2% of children have a hereditary predisposition for allergic diseases (AD), 49.3% for bronchial asthma (BA) and 22.4% for AR. The frequency of burdened genealogical anamnesis for allergic diseases prevails on the paternal side (p=0.0047). In boys, the disease is more common than in girls (p=0.0002). The age of AR diagnosis is 7.0 [4; 9] years. The main phenotype of AR is mild (64.9%), comorbid with atopic dermatitis and/or BA (47.3%). The eosinophilic type of inflammation according to the rhinocytogram pattern was found in 58.7%, an elevated level of total IgE in the blood serum was found in 81.4% child. The frequency of sensitization to grass pollen was 88.0%, to tree pollen – 59.0%, to weed pollen allergens – 23.5%. In the structure of polyvalent sensitization, the frequency of sensitization to the pollen of trees and grasses prevailed, in the structure of monosensitization – to the pollen of grasses.

Conclusion. The conducted studies indicate the need for a differentiated approach to the diagnosis and treatment of AR in children associated with plant pollen.