Cigarette smoke extract: results of testing and validation in a provocative rinsing test

Hardziyevich T.H.

Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus

The purpose. The aim of the study was to test and validate the provocative rinsing test with a cigarette smoke extract (CSE).
Material and methods. Ten healthy smokers over 35 years of age without obstructive pathology were examined. Six subjects (60%) were men and four (40%) were women. The average age of the participants was 48.0±6.3 years. The smoking history was 12.5±10.5 pack-years. Participants underwent a cigarette smoking procedure and a provocative rinsing test with a CSE (1:100, 1:10) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in the saliva before and after the provocative tests.
Results. After conducting provocative rinsing test with CSE (1:10), the level of MPO in the saliva did not change significantly in the whole group of healthy smokers without obstructive pathology 1.82±0.6 ng/ml (p=0.2), however, in 6 respondents (60%) there was a significant increase in the level of MPO in the saliva (p=0.0006). After conducting provocative rinsing test with RSD (1:100), no significant changes in the level of MPO in the saliva were found 1.74±0.5 ng/ml (p=0.2). During the cigarette smoking procedure, the level of MPO in the saliva increased significantly in the group as a whole and amounted to 1.95±0.4 ng/ml (p=0.005). A significant increase in the MPO level in the saliva was observed in 7 of the surveyed smoking respondents (70%) 2.02±0.4 ng/ml (p=0.0008). A unidirectional increase in the MPO level in the saliva after the procedure of cigarette smoking and provocative rinsing test with CSE of both 1:10 and 1:100 was detected in 3 (30%) individuals. After the procedure of cigarette smoking and provocative rinsing test with CSE (1:10), a unidirectional change in the MPO level in the SF was found in 7 (70%) of 10 surveyed individuals, namely: in 6 (85.7%) respondents, an increase in the MPO level in the saliva was observed, and in 1 (14.3%) person, a decrease in MPO in the saliva was detected.
Conclusions. The provocative rinsing test with CSE (1:10) with the determination of changes in the MPO level in the saliva in healthy smokers without obstructive pathology is equivalent to the effect of cigarette smoke on the oral mucosa during the smoking procedure ((Bland-Altman plot (mean difference in results)=0.13, Pearson correlation=0.89, chi-square with Yates correction=1.0, sensitivity=70%, specificity=40%), which makes it possible to use the provocative rinsing test with CSE (1:10) to model the effect of cigarette smoke on the oral mucosa.